IFSTA ARFF Practice Test 2026 – Complete Study Resource

Lithium-ion battery fires carry multiple serious hazards because these cells store a large amount of energy. When damaged or overheated, they can experience thermal runaway, where each cell heats the others, producing intense heat and expanding gas. That heat can cause a fire to continue or reignite even after it seems knocked down, and the gases released are toxic and irritating, making inhalation dangerous for responders. Because of the ongoing heat and potential for re-ignition, it’s essential to keep applying cooling water to the battery and its surrounding components for an extended period, sometimes in stages—initially suppressing the flames, then continuing cooling to bring temperatures down and stabilize the pack. This combination of potential re-ignition, high heat output, and toxic gas production is what makes Li-ion battery fires particularly challenging in aircraft incidents.